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The Camaldolese monks and nuns are part of the Benedictine family of monastic communities which follow the way of life outlined in the Rule of St. Benedict, written in the 6th century. Their name is derived from the Holy Hermitage ((イタリア語:Sacro Eremo)) of Camaldoli, high in the mountains of central Italy, near the city of Arezzo. ==History== (詳細はItalian monk Saint Romuald (ca. 950– ca. 1025/27). His reform sought to renew and integrate the eremetical tradition of monastic life with that of the cenobium. In his youth Romuald became acquainted with the three major schools of western monastic tradition. The monastery where he entered the Order, Sant' Apollinare in Classe was a traditional Benedictine community under the influence of the Cluniac reforms. Romuald chose to be under a spiritual master, Marinus, who followed a much harsher ascetic and solitary lifestyle that was originally of Irish eremitical origins. Some years later, Marinus and Romuald settled near the Abbey of Sant Miguel de Cuxa, where Abbot Guarinus was also beginning reforms but was building mainly upon the Iberian Christian tradition. Later drawing on his various early experiences, Romuald was able to establish his own monastic pattern, though he himself never thought of it as a separate unit, seeing it as a full part of the Benedictine tradition. Around 1012 Romuald founded the Sacred Hermitage of Camaldoli in the Tuscan hills. There monks lived in individual cells, but also observed the common life, worshiping daily in the church and breaking bread in the dining hall.〔(New Camaldoli Hermitage, Big Sur )〕 Here the distinctive white habit first appears; at Camaldoli are first found in combination the two cenobite and hermit branches that are afterwards so marked a feature of the order. The order was approved by Pope Alexander II, in 1072.〔(Butler, Richard Urban, and Leslie Toke. "Camaldolese." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 3. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1908. 30 Jan. 2015 )〕 There are Camaldolese hermitages and monasteries throughout Italy. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Camaldolese」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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